Ad traffic, bots and what the signals mean
How to diagnose your own traffic before buying anything, how the detection techniques actually work, and where their limits are.
How to tell if your Google Ads traffic is real
Seven checks you can run in Google Ads and Analytics today, with no tools, to work out whether you are paying for people or for automation.
What is a datacenter IP, and why does it matter for ads?
Datacenter, residential and mobile IPs explained — how to tell them apart, why blocking datacenter traffic is the highest-value first rule, and when blocking it is the wrong call.
JA3 and JA4 TLS fingerprinting, explained for marketers
Why the TLS handshake identifies automation that a clean IP and a perfect user-agent cannot hide — and the honest limits of the technique.
Buying click fraud protection: what to actually compare
The seven questions that separate the tools in this category, including the two most vendors would rather you did not ask.
Or just check your own site
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